What is the principle of MHD power generation?

The principal of MHD power generation is based on Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, which states that when a conductor and a magnetic field moves relative to each other, then the voltage is induced in the conductor, which results in the flow of current across the terminals.

What are the different types of MHD generators?

Basically, an MHD generator is a device for directly converting thermal energy into electricity. There are three types of MHD cycle: open, closed and liquid-metal. Figure 1.

What are the material used in MHD generator?

The development and suitability of the different potential electrode and insulator materials such as lanthanum chromite, zirconia-based materials, alumina, magnesia etc. are reviewed with particular reference to the mhd channel materials programme in the mhd Project atbarc.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of MHD system?

MHD Generator Advantage and Disadvantage. It converts heat energy directly into electrical energy and hence conversion efficiency is high. Although the costs cannot be predicted very accurately, yet it has been reported that the capital costs of MHD plants will be competitive with those of conventional steam plants.

What is MHD generator explain with merits and demerits?

Advantages of MHD Generation A high conversion efficiency of around 50\%. A large amount of power is generated. Better utilisation of fuel. Since it has no moving parts, so it is more reliable.

What is the difference between open cycle and closed cycle MHD?

A closed-cycle system can provide more useful power conversion at lower temperatures (around 1900 K as compared to 2500 K for open cycle system). However, its use is still a distant dream. The heat exchanger design is one of the difficulties because the heat exchanger works up to the highest temperature of the gas.

What is Hall effect in MHD generator?

Hall effect : The effect in which a conductor that carries an electric current Perpendicular to an applied magnetic field develops a voltage gradient transverse to both field and current. The Hall effect can be used to measure magnetic fields with a Hall probe. …

What is the seed used in seeding process in MHD?

Open-Cycle MHD system The seed material, generally potassium carbonate, is injected into the combustion chamber, the potassium is then ionized by the hot combustion gases at temperatures of roughly (2300 to 2700°C).

What are the limitations of MHD?

The disadvantage of MHD generation is as given below: 1) Suffers from reverse flow (short circuits) of electrons through the conducting fluids around the ends of the magnetic field. 2) Needs very large magnets and this is a major expense. 3) High friction and heat transfer losses. 4) High operating temperature.