What is spectrum sharing in cognitive radio?

Spectrum sharing is a promising technique to enhance spectrum utilization in cognitive radio environments. Cognitive sharing the spectra of licensed users provides unlicensed users with the opportunity to access rigid spectrum resources without degrading the performance of the licensed users.

What is a cognitive radio network?

Cognitive radio (CR) is a form of wireless communication in which a transceiver can intelligently detect which communication channels are in use and which are not. It instantly moves into vacant channels while avoiding occupied ones. It does not cause any interference to the licensed user.

What antennas are used in cognitive radio?

So far, reconfigurable antennas for cognitive radio communications can be classified into three types: electronically reconfigurable antennas, mechanically reconfigurable antennas, and optically reconfigurable antennas.

What is spectrum sharing?

Spectrum sharing is the logical partitioning of optical spectrum on a submarine cable for different end-users, such that each end-user has its own ‘virtual fiber pair. The submarine cable industry is now looking to this technology to make more efficient use of cables.

What is primary user in cognitive radio?

Cognitive Radio: Definitions. □ Primary User: A user who has higher priority or. legacy rights on the usage of a specific part of the. spectrum. □ Secondary User: A user who has a lower priority.

What are the new applications enabled by cognitive radio?

Applications of spectrum-sensing cognitive radio include emergency-network and WLAN higher throughput and transmission-distance extensions. The evolution of cognitive radio toward cognitive networks is underway; the concept of cognitive networks is to intelligently organize a network of cognitive radios.

Which among the following is an appropriate unit for spectrum usage in cognitive radio?

Which among the following is an appropriate unit for spectrum usage in cognitive radio? Explanation: Spectrum usage in the cognitive radio includes the area of propagation along with the amount of spectrum used. Hence the number of bits per unit area is an appropriate unit for spectrum usage in cognitive radio.

Which parameter of a radio signal that is mostly utilized in the design of antenna?

The ordinary half-wave dipole is probably the most widely used antenna design. This consists of two 1⁄4 wavelength elements arranged end-to-end, and lying along essentially the same axis (or collinear), each feeding one side of a two-conductor transmission wire.

What are the techniques used in spectrum sharing?

The spectrum sharing techniques can be classified as: interweave, underlay, and overlay [6]. In interweave spectrum sharing; the secondary system can dynamically access the spectrum holes. For spectrum underlay, secondary users (SUs) are simultaneously transmitting with the primary users (PUs).

What is spectrum communication sensing?

Learn more in: Cognitive Communications. Spectrum sensing is the process of periodically monitoring a specific frequency band, aiming to identify presence or absence of primary users.

Which among the following is required for effective use of spectrum in an unlicensed spectrum band?

7. Which among the following is required for effective use of spectrum in an unlicensed spectrum band? Explanation: xG users compete to access the unlicensed spectrum band since every user has an equal right to access the spectrum.