What is the use of diaphragm in bridge?

Diaphragm is a member that resists lateral forces and transfers loads to support. Some of the diaphragms are post-tensioned and some contain normal reinforcement. It is needed for lateral stability during erection and for resisting and transferring earthquake loads.

What is the advantage of the concrete box girder?

Advantages, compared to ‘I’ girders: High torsional stiffness and strength, giving greater suitability for horizontally curved bridges, greater aerodynamic stability and reduced susceptibility to lateral buckling of flanges (in lateral-torsional or distortional buckling modes) Reduced need for support points.

Are diaphragms necessary in the design of concrete box girder bridges?

Are diaphragms necessary in the design of concrete box girder bridges? Diaphragms are adopted in concrete box girder bridges to transfer oads from bridge decks to bearings. In fact, diaphragms also contribute to the provision of torsional restraint to the bridge deck.

What is a concrete diaphragm?

In structural engineering, a diaphragm is a structural element that transmits lateral loads to the vertical resisting elements of a structure (such as shear walls or frames). Diaphragms are typically horizontal, but can be sloped such as in a gable roof on a wood structure or concrete ramp in a parking garage.

What is a diaphragm in construction?

ABSTRACT. Diaphragms are components of low-rise wood frame buildings that resist lateral forces due to wind and earthquakes. The main function of these panel type structures is to resist in-plane shear forces and to provide stability to the overall structure.

What is a girder in bridges?

Girder bridges are the simplest bridge type in structure and consist of steel beams shaped to an I-section or box section, called a plate girder bridge or a box girder bridge, respectively. Girder bridges are comprised of deck slabs, on which vehicles and people pass, and of main girders supporting the deck slabs.

What are construction girders?

girder, in building construction, a horizontal main supporting beam that carries a vertical concentrated load.

How are box girders typically used in bridges?

Depending on the application the box girder can be composite or non-composite. Cable-stayed bridges with a single plane of stays also employs box girders. The lightness of steel construction is considered as an advantage typically in these constructions.

What is a diaphragm plate?

A relatively thin, usually rectangular plate, used to stiffen a metal-framed structure; provides additional strength and rigidity.

Why is the diaphragm wall built?

Diaphragm wall is a continuous wall constructed in ground in to facilitate certain construction activities, such as: As a retaining wall. As a cut-off provision to support deep excavation. As the final wall for basement or other underground structure (e.g. tunnel and shaft)