What is Type 2 valvular heart disease?

Type 2 VHD was defined as moderate or severe mitral or aortic regurgitation, moderate or severe aortic stenosis, or mild mitral stenosis (mitral valve area > 2.0 cm 2 on standard echocardiography).

What is the most common valvular heart disease in older adults?

The most common valve conditions in older adults are aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation.

What is the most common cause of mitral valvular disease?

The main cause of mitral valve stenosis is an infection called rheumatic fever, which is related to strep infections. Rheumatic fever — now rare in the United States, but still common in developing countries — can scar the mitral valve. Left untreated, mitral valve stenosis can lead to serious heart complications.

What are the most common causes of aortic valvular disease?

Aortic valve stenosis causes include:

• Congenital heart defect. Some children are born with an aortic valve that has only two cusps (bicuspid aortic valve) instead of three (tricuspid aortic valve).
• Calcium buildup on the valve. Calcium is a mineral found in your blood.
• Rheumatic fever.

What is valvular disease?

Valvular heart disease is when any valve in the heart has damage or is diseased. There are several causes of valve disease. The normal heart has four chambers (right and left atria, and right and left ventricles) and four valves (Figure 1).

How many types of heart valves are there?

There are four valves within your heart. They are the mitral, tricuspid, aortic and pulmonic valves.

What are the types of valvular heart disease?

Types of valvular heart disease

• Valvular stenosis (narrowing) The stiffening of heart valves can narrow the size of the valve opening and restrict blood flow.
• Valvular prolapse (slipping out of place) Prolapse is a condition when the valve flaps (leaflets) slip out of place or form a bulge.
• Regurgitation (leaking)

What are the common valvular abnormalities?

Congenital heart valve disease is malformations of the heart valves, such as missing one of its leaflets. The most commonly affected valve with a congenital defect is a bicuspid aortic valve, which has only two leaflets rather than three. Other types of heart disease: Heart failure.

What is the most common cause of tricuspid valve stenosis?

Tricuspid stenosis results from alterations in the structure of the tricuspid valve that precipitate inadequate excursion of the valve leaflets. The most common etiology is rheumatic fever, and tricuspid valve involvement occurs universally with mitral and aortic valve involvement.

What causes rheumatic fever?

Rheumatic fever may develop after strep throat or scarlet fever infections that are not treated properly. Bacteria called group A Streptococcus or group A strep cause strep throat and scarlet fever. It usually takes about 1 to 5 weeks after strep throat or scarlet fever for rheumatic fever to develop.

Is aortic valve bicuspid or tricuspid?

A normal aortic valve is tricuspid. Five types of bicuspid valve are shown, with Type 1 being most prevalent. A bicuspid valve forms when the tissue surrounding one of the cusps (leaflets) of the valve fuses during fetal development.

How common is valvular heart disease?

About 2.5\% of the U.S. population has valvular heart disease, but it is more common in older adults.

What are the types of heart valve disease?

There are several types of heart valve disease: Valvular stenosis. This occurs when a heart valve doesn’t fully open due to stiff or fused leaflets. Valvular insufficiency. Also called regurgitation, incompetence, or “leaky valve,” this occurs when a valve does not close tightly.

What are the major types of heart disease?

Types of heart disease include: Arrhythmia. An arrhythmia is a heart rhythm abnormality. Atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a hardening of the arteries. Cardiomyopathy. This condition causes the heart’s muscles to harden or grow weak. Congenital heart defects. Congenital heart defects are heart irregularities that are present at birth.

How long can you live with heart valve disease?

LEARN MORE ABOUT HEART DISEASE. “Studies find that mitral valve repair can restore most patients to a normal life expectancy,” says Anyanwu. “After five to seven days in the hospital, most patients get back to normal in four to eight weeks.”.

What are the different types of heart valve problems?

Mitral valve prolapse. It occurs when the mitral valve doesn’t close properly,sometimes causing blood to flow back into the left atrium.