How packets are transmitted across the network?

The Internet works by chopping data into chunks called packets. Each packet then moves through the network in a series of hops. Each packet hops to a local Internet service provider (ISP), a company that offers access to the network – usually for a fee.

When IP datagrams are sent on a network the datagram may be divided into pieces called?

The IPv4 datagram is conceptually divided into two pieces: the header and the payload. The header contains addressing and control fields, while the payload carries the actual data to be sent over the internetwork. Unlike some message formats, IP datagrams do not have a footer following the payload.

What happens to datagrams as they are passed through the protocol stack from the data link layer to the transport layer?

If the transmission was fragmented, IP reassembles the fragments into the original datagram. It then strips off the IP header and passes the datagram on to transport layer protocols. Transport Layer (TCP and UDP) reads the header to determine which application layer protocol must receive the data.

How does a router know which computer in a LAN gets a packet?

The router uses network address translation (NAT). Every connection has a source address, a source port, a destination address, and a destination port. When the router is sending the packets to the internet, it changes the source address from a private address to it’s public address.

How are TCP IP messages sent over the Internet?

TCP divides a message or file into packets that are transmitted over the internet and then reassembled when they reach their destination. IP is responsible for the address of each packet so that it gets to the correct destination.

Which device is used to pass datagrams on to other computers?

A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. Routers perform the traffic directing functions on the Internet. Data sent through the internet, such as a web page or email, is in the form of data packets.

What are datagrams in Java?

A datagram is an independent, self-contained message sent over the network whose arrival, arrival time, and content are not guaranteed. The DatagramPacket and DatagramSocket classes in the java.net package implement system-independent datagram communication using UDP.

When the IP protocol Decapsulates the transport layer packet How does it know to which upper layer protocol UDP or TCP the packet should be delivered?

In Figure 2.10, when the IP protocol decapsulates the transport-layer packet, how does it know to which upper-layer protocol (UDP or TCP) the packet should be delivered? A protocol needs to have a field in its header to identify to which protocol the encapsulated packets belong.

Which of the following layer protocol is responsible for sending IP datagrams to destination from source?

– Network layer is responsible for delivery of data packets from source to destination.