What is the difference between a blast furnace and a basic oxygen furnace?

Blast furnaces produce iron from iron ore. In a second step a basic oxygen converter turns iron, with some additions of scrap, into steel.

What is the difference of using the basic oxygen furnace and the electric arc furnace in the primary steel making?

A basic oxygen furnace yields high production with minimal labor involved and creates a finished product that is low in nitrogen. Using 100 percent recycled steel, electric arc furnaces help contribute less waste material and save primary resources and energy while lowering greenhouse gas emissions.

What is the purpose of blowing oxygen into a steel furnace?

Blowing oxygen through molten pig iron lowers the carbon content of the alloy and changes it into low-carbon steel. The process is known as basic because fluxes of burnt lime or dolomite, which are chemical bases, are added to promote the removal of impurities and protect the lining of the converter.

What does the basic oxygen furnace do?

A basic oxygen furnace is a reactor in which oxygen is blown through molten pig iron that is heated to approximately 1,600℃ to convert it into steel.

Which furnace is the best for steel making?

The blast furnace is the first step in producing steel from iron oxides. The first blast furnaces appeared in the 14th century and produced one ton per day. Even though equipment is improved and higher production rates can be achieved, the processes inside the blast furnace remain the same.

How is the charge melted in the basic oxygen furnace?

2.5 Basic Oxygen Furnace Production Basic oxygen furnaces use pig iron and small amounts of scrap as their primary material inputs and typically melt the furnace charge with coke oven, blast furnace, and natural gas. Electricity and fuel oils are used to drive ancillary processes (Fig. 7).

Which section Basic Oxygen Furnaces wear the fastest?

The refractory lining of basic oxygen furnaces work in severe conditions of high temperature and oxidizing atmosphere. The lining wear is fastest in the zone of contact with the oxidizing slag (slag line).

What is the charge for the basic oxygen furnace?

Therefore, before the hot metal is added, a specific amount of scrap is charged into the furnace. Melting this scrap consumes about 340 kilocalories per kilogram, effectively cooling the process. A typical BOP charge, therefore, consists of about 75 percent liquid iron and 25 percent scrap.

What furnace melts steel?

induction furnace
An induction furnace is an electrical furnace in which the heat is applied by induction heating of metal. Induction furnace capacities range from less than one kilogram to one hundred tons, and are used to melt iron and steel, copper, aluminum, and precious metals.

Why are lime and fluorspar added to basic oxygen furnaces?

The electric arc method uses high-current electric arcs to melt steel scrap and convert it to liquid. Once everything is melted, oxygen is blown into the furnace to purify the steel. Lime and fluorspar are added to combine with impurities. Before eliminating the slag, a sample is taken to check the chemical makeup.

What is basic oxygen furnace steelmaking?

Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) steel making or Basic Oxygen Furnace Steelmaking (BOS) or Linz-Donawitz-Verfahren steelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method in which both molten pig iron and steel scrap are converted into steel with the oxidizing action of oxygen blown into the melt under a basic slag.

What is Bos (basic oxygen furnace)?

Steel making operation in the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) is also sometimes called basic oxygen steel making (BOS). This is the most powerful and effective steel making technology in the world.

Why is the top blown basic oxygen furnace tilted?

This rotation (tilting) is necessary for charging raw materials, sampling the melt and pouring the steel out of the converter. The top blown basic oxygen furnaceis equipped with the water cooled oxygen for blowing oxygen into the melt through 4-6 nozzles.

How to make heat of steel in a BOF?

Gas cleaning devices and materials handling equipment occupy most of the space. The first step for making a heat of steel in a BOF is to tilt the furnace and charge it with scrap. The furnaces are mounted on trunnions and can be rotated through a full circle.