Why do soaps made from different oils have different properties?

Saponification involves reacting the fat or oil with a strong base, usually sodium hydroxide (aka lye aka caustic soda), although you can also use potassium hydroxide (aka caustic potash). This reaction breaks the triglyceride into the purple and blue parts, in other words, the glycerin and soap molecules.

Why do different oil samples have different saponification values?

The saponification number depends on the molecular weight and the percentage concentration of fatty acid components present in FAMEs of oil. Lauric oils, with a higher percentage of ester bonds than longer chain oils, have a higher SV (240–250 mg KOH/g for CNO compared to 190–195 mg KOH/g for SBO).

Why does saponification produce a salt?

It is not ‘called’ salt, it is a salt. Usually, the term saponification is used for the reaction of a strong base (sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide) with a triglyceride (an ester of three fatty acids with glycerol) to produce the fatty acid salts (the soap) with free glycerol as a byproduct.

How do you find the saponification value of oil?

Saponification Value = (A – B) x N x 56.1 W This method is used to determine the total acid content, both free and combined, of tall oil. (Acid number only measures the free acid). The combined acids are primarily esters formed by reaction with the neutral components present in the original tall oil.

What does saponification value determine or indicate?

The saponification number indicates how much potassium hydroxide is needed to saponify 1g fat. This information can be used to calculate how many acids (esters and free acids) are contained in a fat or oil. The greater the number of saponification, the more short- and medium-chain fatty acids the fat contains.

How is saponification value of oil determined?

How would soaps made from vegetable oils differ from soaps made from animal fat?

how would soaps made from vegetable oils differ from soaps made from animal fat? vegetable oil is unsaturated so it makes a more liquid soap. animal fats are saturated so they form a more solid soap. micelles form from clusters of soap particles, allowing the oil to be washed away with water.

How saponification number of oil is determined?

Saponification Value = (A – B) x N x 56.1 W This method is used to determine the total acid content, both free and combined, of tall oil. The saponification value is therefore a measure of tall oil quality. It is determined by measuring the alkali required to saponify the combined acids and neutralize the free acids.

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