How is TNT obtained?

❖ TNT is a yellow, odorless solid that does not occur naturally in the environment. It is made by combining toluene with a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids (ATSDR 1995). ❖ It is a highly explosive, single-ring nitroaromatic compound that is a crystalline solid at room temperature (CRREL 2006).

How can you prepare TNT from benzene?

Conversion of Benzene to TNT

1. The reactant involved in the reaction is benzene and the desired product is Trinitrotoluene (TNT).
2. First, benzene is treated with methyl chloride and through a mechanism called Friedel crafts reaction.
3. This step converts benzene to toluene and eliminates hydrochloric acid as a by-product.

What happens when toluene reacts with nitric acid?

Toluene undergoes nitration to give ortho and para nitrotoluene isomers, but if heated it can give dinitrotoluene and ultimately the explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT). Figure 2: Reaction of nitric acid and sulfuric acid with toluene.

How do you make toluene?

Toluene is made through catalytic reforming by passing a hydrocarbon mixture over a dehydrogenation catalyst. Hydrocarbon gases are removed, and an aromatic-rich fraction is obtained from the reformate. Toluene is then produced through distillation or solvent extraction (which is the more usual method).

What is TNT chemistry?

trinitrotoluene (TNT), a pale yellow, solid organic nitrogen compound used chiefly as an explosive, prepared by stepwise nitration of toluene. For these reasons it is the most favoured chemical explosive, extensively used in munitions and for demolitions.

Does toluene react with sulfuric acid?

Reaction with Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) Sulfuric acid adds to toluene via electrophilic aromatic substitution- once again, something you’ll learn about next semester (Carey CH 12.4). Sulfuric acid won’t react with cyclohexane. That’s all for this week.

What happens when toluene reacts with h2so4?

Toluene is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid. A mixture of o-and p-toluene sulphonic acids is formed. When toluene is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid. In the alkane H3C – CH2 -C(CH3)2 -CH2 – CH(CH3)2, identify 1°, 2°, 3° carbon atoms and give the H atoms bounded to each one of these.

What is toluene chemical formula?

C7H8
Toluene/Formula