What is isozymes in biology?

Isoenzymes (or isozymes) are a group of enzymes that catalyze the same reaction but have different enzyme forms and catalytic efficiencies. Isozymes are usually distinguished by their electrophoretic mobilities.

What are the different isoenzymes?

The five isoenzymes are found in different amounts in tissues throughout the body.

• LDH-1: found in heart and red blood cells.
• LDH-2: found in white blood cells.
• LDH-3: found in lung tissue.
• LDH-4: found in white blood cells, kidney and pancreas cells, and lymph nodes.
• LDH-5: found in the liver and muscles of skeleton.

What are isoenzymes and their physiological importance?

Isoenzymes, or isozymes, are distinct, often readily separable forms of an enzyme elaborated by the same organism. Isozymes catalyze the same chemical reaction, but typically differ with respect to their primary structure, intracellular location, and physiological role.

What are the three types of the isoenzymes?

CK has three isozymes (CK-MM, CK-MB and CK-BB) in cytoplasm and two isozymes (non-sarcomeric and sarcomeric) in mitochondria. CK isozymes provide more specific information about injured tissue because of their tissue distribution.

What are Allozyme markers?

Allozymes are codominant markers that have high reproducibility. Zymograms (the banding pattern of isozymes) can be readily interpreted in terms of loci and alleles, or they may require segregation analysis of progeny of known parental crosses for interpretation.

What are the characteristics of isozymes?

Allozymes are variations of the same enzyme that are produced by the same gene. Isozymes are variations of the same enzyme that come from different genes. Isozymes have different amino acid sequences and therefore different shapes, sizes, and electrical charges, but the same function.

What are the properties of isoenzymes?

Isozymes (also known as isoenzymes) are enzymes that differ in amino acid sequence but catalyze the same chemical reaction. These enzymes usually display different kinetic parameters (i.e. different KM values), or different regulatory properties.

Which statement is true about isoenzymes?

The following statements are true for isoenzymes: Many enzymes occur in several molecular forms called isoenzymes. Different isoenzyme catalyze same chemical reaction, but differ in their primary structure and kinetic properties. Isoenzymes are coded by different gene.

How do allozymes differ?

An allozyme is a form of an enzyme that differs from a closely related enzyme, but differs only a little bit. An allozyme differs by a single allele (alternative form of the same gene) at a single locus (location on the gene). One tool that scientists use to look at allozymes is capillary electrophoresis.