Which transport is responsible for multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy?

The major mechanism involved in conferring MDR is the overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, which can increase efflux of drugs from cancer cells, thereby decreasing intracellular drug concentration. Modulators of ABC transporters have the potential to augment the efficacy of anticancer drugs.

How does ABC transporter relate with multi drug resistant bacteria?

The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are a family of transporter proteins that are responsible for drug resistance and a low bioavailability of drugs by pumping a variety of drugs out cells at the expense of ATP hydrolysis.

What is the function of the multidrug resistance transporter?

However, the major physiological role of the multidrug transporters is the protection of our cells and tissues against xenobiotics, and these transporters play a key role in drug availability, metabolism and toxicity.

What is a multidrug resistance transporter protein?

Multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) are members of the C family of a group of proteins named ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. They are mainly lipophilic anionic transporters and are reported to transport free or conjugates of glutathione (GSH), glucuronate, or sulphate.

How do you overcome multi drug resistance in a tumor?

Other approaches to multidrug resistance reversal have also been considered: encapsulation of anthracyclines in liposomes or other carriers which deliver these drugs selectively to tumor tissues, the use of P-gp targeted antibodies such as UIC2 or the use of antisense strategies targeting the MDR1 messenger RNA.

How are microbes used in the ABC transporter?

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters couple ATP hydrolysis to the uptake and efflux of solutes across the cell membrane in bacteria and eukaryotic cells. In bacteria, these transporters are important virulence factors because they play roles in nutrient uptake and in secretion of toxins and antimicrobial agents.

What is PGP substrate?

Efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein play an important role in drug transport in many organs. Important substrates of P-glycoprotein include calcium channel blockers, cyclosporin, dabigatran etexilate, digoxin, erythromycin, loperamide, protease inhibitors and tacrolimus.

How do you inhibit ABC transporters?

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters prevent the access of pharmacological compounds to the ischemic brain, thereby impeding the efficacy of stroke therapies. ABC transporters can be deactivated by selective inhibitors, which potently increase the brain accumulation of drugs.

What is the role of multidrug resistance protein?

Multidrug Resistance Protein (MRP) confers resistance to natural product drugs when overexpressed in cultured cells. It has also been detected in human tumors and in some cases, expression has been correlated with a poor response to chemotherapy.

What type of protein is the Multidrug Resistance Protein?

Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) also called canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1 (cMOAT) or ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 2 (ABCC2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ABCC2 gene.

What does it mean if a certain pathogen developed a resistance to drugs?

Antibiotic resistance happens when germs like bacteria and fungi develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed to kill them. That means the germs are not killed and continue to grow. Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant germs are difficult, and sometimes impossible, to treat.