How will you prepare phenol from toluene?

First toluene is converted to benzoic acid(by KMnO4/OH-). Then it undergoes acid catalysed esterification to form phenyl benzoate. Then, on addition of NaOH(saponification), it gives phenol and sodium benzoate.

What is the industrial method of preparation of phenol?

In this method, benzene sulfonic acid is reacted with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The resulting salt is mixed with solid sodium hydroxide and reacted at a high temperature. The product of this reaction is sodium phenoxide, which is acidified with aqueous acid to make phenol.

What is Hock method?

The Hock process to produce phenol and acetone from low cost reagents, oxygen, and sulfuric acid was discovered by Hock and Lang in 1944. The phenol produced by the Hock process approaches 99.99 wt \% with total impurities of only 60 ppm. The chemistry of phenol production is a two-step synthesis.

How is obtained from phenol?

Upon oxidation of cumene (isopropylbenzene) in the presence of air, cumene hydroperoxide is obtained. Upon further treatment of cumene hydroperoxide with dilute acid, phenols are obtained. Acetone is also produced as one of the by-products of this reaction in large quantities.

Which of the following is preparation method of phenol?

The two methods of preparation of phenol are Raschig method and Diazotization.

How can phenol be prepared with the help of cumene hydroperoxide method?

Phenol is industrially prepared by ‘Dow Process’. (I) cumene is oxidised in presence of air at 400K in the presence of metal catalyst to form cumene hydroperoxide. (II) In the second step cumene hydroperoxide is treated with dilute sulphuric acid at 350K. It causes hydrolysis and forms phenol and acetone.

Which catalyst is used in cumene process?

Cumene (isopropylbenzene) is presently produced from benzene and propylene using either solid phosphoric acid or anhydrous aluminium chloride or zeolite as catalyst.

How is toluene obtained from?

Toluene is made through catalytic reforming by passing a hydrocarbon mixture over a dehydrogenation catalyst. Hydrocarbon gases are removed, and an aromatic-rich fraction is obtained from the reformate. Toluene is then produced through distillation or solvent extraction (which is the more usual method).

How is phenol prepared from human?

Phenol is industrially prepared by ‘Dow Process’. (I) cumene is oxidised in presence of air at 400K in the presence of metal catalyst to form cumene hydroperoxide. Sodium salt of benzene sulphonic acid is fused with caustic soda to form sodium phenoxide, which produces phenol by acid decomposition.

How can you prepare phenol from following a cumene?

To prepare phenol, cumene is first oxidized in the presence of air of cumene hydro-peroxide. Then, cumene hydroxide is treated with dilute acid to prepare phenol and acetone as by-products.