What went wrong with RSV vaccine?

Many of the children developed bronchiolitis and pneumonia so severe that it required hospitalization, and, unfortunately, two of the vaccinated children died1. The formalin-inactivated RSV vaccine did elicit antibodies—but these were not neutralizing, meaning that they did not inactivate the virus.

Which manufacturer’s RSV vaccine currently in clinical trials uses an adenovirus vector to elicit the immune response?

VXA-RSV-f, developed by Vaxart, is a molecularly adjuvanted Adenovirus serotype 5 based RSV vaccine encoding the F protein. It is being developed for older adults. Oral delivery of this vaccine has been shown to induce a strong humoral response against RSV in cotton rats [50].

Why is there no vaccine against RSV?

However, unfortunately there is no licensed vaccine available so far. This is partly due to disastrous outcome of a clinical trial of formalin-inactivated RSV (FI-RSV) in children in 1960s; leading to enhanced respiratory disease upon natural infection.

How does the RSV vaccine work?

SYNAGIS [si-nah-jis] helps protect babies from RSV through virus-fighting antibodies. SYNAGIS is not a vaccine—it’s an injection given once a month throughout RSV season, which usually starts in the fall and continues into spring. The exact timing of RSV varies by location.

Is RSV vaccine preventable?

RSV is the single most important vaccine-preventable disease without a vaccine program. RSV infection is the leading cause of hospitalization of infants in developed countries and places a substantial strain on health-care infrastructure.

Was there ever an RSV vaccine?

As of 2021, no licensed vaccine against RSV exists. Attempts to develop an RSV vaccine began in the 1960s with an unsuccessful inactivated vaccine developed by exposing the RSV virus to formalin (formalin-inactivated RSV (FI-RSV)).

Why was the original RSV vaccine candidate in the 1960s unsuccessful in clinical trials?

Clinical trials began in winter of 1965–1966 in 4 centers in the USA. The results of these trials were entirely unexpected22–25: there was no protection against RSV in vaccinees whose rate of naturally occurring infection was significantly higher than in controls.

How long has RSV vaccine been around?

Brief history of enhanced RSV disease. In 1966, a formalin-inactivated vaccine against RSV (FIRSV) was administered to infants and children in four studies in the United States (26–29).

What is in the RSV vaccine?

Meissa Vaccines MV-012-968 is an investigational, live attenuated vaccine for protection against respiratory syncytial virus infection. ResVax is a vaccine candidate composed of recombinant RSV F nanoparticles adsorbed to aluminum phosphate.

What type of vaccine is the RSV vaccine?

Currently, two promising sets of candidate vaccines have been evaluated in clinical trials: the PFP subunit vaccines for immunization of the elderly and older RSV-seropositive children with chronic cardiac or pulmonary disease, and the cpts live attenuated vaccines, which would be used primarily for immunization of …

Is RSV droplet or airborne?

RSV is spread through contact with droplets from the nose and throat of infected people when they cough and sneeze. RSV can also spread through dried respiratory secretions on bedclothes and similar items.

Is respiratory syncytial virus airborne?

The virus is spread through close contact, when an infected person sneezes or coughs and the virus becomes airborne and gets into your body through your eyes, nose or mouth. It’s also spread by touching objects that the virus has landed on and then touching your face. RSV can live on hard surfaces for many hours.