What does DNA dictate in the cell?

The DNA code contains instructions needed to make the proteins and molecules essential for our growth, development and health. DNA? provides instructions for making proteins? (as explained by the central dogma?).

How does DNA control your life?

The nucleotide sequences that make up DNA are a “code” for the cell to make hundreds of different types of proteins; it is these proteins that function to control and regulate cell growth, division, communication with other cells and most other cellular functions.

How does DNA control characteristics?

DNA determines the characteristics of a living organism. A gene is a small section of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a particular sequence of amino acids, to make a specific protein. It is the unit of heredity, and may be copied and passed on to the next generation.

What is DNA replication and how does it work?

DNA replication is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. Once the DNA in a cell is replicated, the cell can divide into two cells, each of which has an identical copy of the original DNA.

How does DNA affect our appearance?

These pairs of genes then determine certain physical features or traits. The genes that you have in your body right now make up your genotype. This genotype then determines your physical appearance, which is called your phenotype. A gene can be either dominant or recessive.

What will happen if mutations occur?

When a gene mutation occurs, the nucleotides are in the wrong order which means the coded instructions are wrong and faulty proteins are made or control switches are changed. The body can’t function as it should. Mutations can be inherited from one or both parents. They are present in the egg and/ or sperm cells.

How does DNA make us different?

Every human genome is different because of mutations—”mistakes” that occur occasionally in a DNA sequence. When a cell divides in two, it makes a copy of its genome, then parcels out one copy to each of the two new cells.

How does DNA influence behavior?

Contrary to a common misconception, genes do not cause behavioral or personality traits, they only influence them. In addition, many genes work in concert to influence most behaviors, meaning the genetic aspects of a particular trait are the result of small effects over hundreds of individual genes.

How does translation happen?

Translation occurs in a structure called the ribosome, which is a factory for the synthesis of proteins. Translation of an mRNA molecule by the ribosome occurs in three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. During initiation, the small ribosomal subunit binds to the start of the mRNA sequence.