What is multidrug resistant tuberculosis MDR-TB and how do we control it?

Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) is caused by TB bacteria that is resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin, the two most potent TB drugs. These drugs are used to treat all persons with TB disease. TB experts should be consulted in the treatment of MDR TB.

How do you test for multidrug resistant TB?

Drug resistance can be detected using special laboratory tests which test the bacteria for sensitivity to the drugs or detect resistance patterns. These tests can be molecular in type (such as Xpert MTB/RIF) or else culture-based.

What is the total time of treatment for tuberculosis TB multidrug therapy?

The intensive-phase treatment for MDR-TB should be 5-7 months, followed by the continuation phase, so that the total duration of treatment is 15-24 months after culture conversion. The drugs should be prescribed daily (no intermittent therapy), and the patient should always be on DOT.

What is multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis MDR-TB?

Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) is caused by an organism that is resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin, the two most potent TB drugs. These drugs are used to treat all persons with TB disease.

When was multi drug resistant tuberculosis?

THE PROBLEM OF DRUG RESISTANCE MDR TB, for example, is resistant to first-line drugs and must be treated with second-line drugs that are more expensive and more toxic, often require injection, and involve longer treatment regimens (2 years or more to treat MDR TB compared with 6–9 months to treat drug-susceptible TB).

What is multiple antibiotic resistance?

Multiple drug resistance (MDR), multidrug resistance or multiresistance is antimicrobial resistance shown by a species of microorganism to at least one antimicrobial drug in three or more antimicrobial categories.

What is multidrug resistant tuberculosis?

Who endorsed molecular method for drug resistant TB are?

Xpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid, United States), a fast molecular-based test, is endorsed by WHO for the detection of the MTB complex and RIF resistance screening in suspected cases (WHO, 2017b). This test was first recommended in 2010 for the diagnosis of pulmonary TB in adults from sputum specimens.

Why multiple drug therapy is used for treatment of tuberculosis?

When two or more drugs to which in vitro susceptibility has been demonstrated are given together, each helps prevent the emergence of tubercle bacilli resistant to the others. The standard of care for initiating treatment of TB disease is four-drug therapy.

Which diseases can be cured with multi drug therapy?

Leprosy is curable with multidrug therapy (MDT). Untreated, it can cause progressive and permanent damage to the skin, nerves, limbs, and eyes. There were 202 256 new leprosy cases registered globally in 2019, according to official figures from 161 countries from the 6 WHO Regions.