Under what conditions should Liquid Liquid Extraction be considered over distillation?

In general, extraction is applied when the materials to be extracted are heat-sensitive or nonvolatile and when distillation would be inappropriate because components are close-boiling, have poor relative volatilities or form azeotropes.

What factors affect liquid liquid extraction?

A number of cardinal factors exert a positive influence on the phenomenon of solvent extraction, namely : (a) Effect of temperature and inert solutes, (b) Effect of pH on extraction, (c) Effect of ion-pair formation, and (d) Effect of synergistic extraction.

When would you use liquid liquid extraction?

commonly used for washing an organic phase, for example to remove inorganic compounds, or to protonate or deprotonate bases or acids, respectively, so they become soluble in the aqueous phase.

What factors are considered while choosing an appropriate solvent for liquid liquid extraction of a compound?

Not toxic, not flammable.

• Immiscible pair of solvents: water and low polarity organic solvents.
• Good solubility of the target compound.
• Poor solubility of impurities.
• Volatility of the extraction solvent.
• Toxicity and safety properties of the extraction solvent.

What is the criteria for selection of solvent used in an extraction?

The solvent should be stable chemically and inert toward the other components of the system and toward the common materials of construction. These should be low for ease in handling and storage, for example, a high viscosity leads to difficulties with pumping , dispersion and mass-transfer rate.

Which type of liquid-liquid extraction is efficient?

1 Water. LLE is a routine method of choice to extract CWAs from aqueous samples. It is accurate and efficient, and plays an irreplaceable role in the determination of CWAs and related substances.

What are the factors affecting extraction process?

The 5 Factors That Affect Extraction (And What You Can Do To Make Better Coffee!)

• the ratio of solutes to solvent.
• the size of the solutes.
• the temperature of the solvent.
• the duration of time the two substances are mixed.
• how much the solution is agitated.

How is separation accomplished with liquid-liquid extraction?

The basic procedure for performing a liquid-liquid extraction is to take two immiscible phases, one of which is usually water and the other of which is usually an organic solvent. The two phases are put into a device called a separatory funnel, and compounds in the system will distribute between the two phases.

What does liquid to liquid extraction do?

Liquid–liquid extraction (LLE), also known as solvent extraction and partitioning, is a method to separate compounds or metal complexes, based on their relative solubilities in two different immiscible liquids, usually water (polar) and an organic solvent (non-polar).

What is the procedure of liquid-liquid extraction?

What are the criteria use in choosing a suitable solvent for extraction?

The several criteria are:

• Distribution Coefficient. This is the ratio (at equilibrium) of the concentration of solute in the extract and raffinate phases.
• Selectivity (Separation Factor)
• Insolubility of Solvent.
• Recoverability.
• Density.
• Interfacial Tension.
• Chemical Reactivity.
• Viscosity, Vapour Pressure, Freezing Point.

What factors should be considered when choosing a good solvent?

The following factors should be considered when selecting a solvent for commercial uses:

• solvent power (selectivity);
• polarity;
• boiling temperature – this should be low in order to facilitate removal of the solvent from the product;
• latent heat of vaporization;