What is MO theory in chemistry?

In chemistry, molecular orbital theory (MO theory or MOT) is a method for describing the electronic structure of molecules using quantum mechanics. It was proposed early in the 20th century. Molecular orbital theory and valence bond theory are the foundational theories of quantum chemistry.

Why do atoms make bonds and combine?

Atoms form chemical bonds to make their outer electron shells more stable. The type of chemical bond maximizes the stability of the atoms that form it. Covalent bonds form when sharing atoms results in the highest stability. Other types of bonds besides ionic and covalent chemical bonds exist, too.

Why do atoms combine 11th?

An atom is the smallest particle of an element. It is so because the atoms in its outermost valence shell have a maximum of eight electrons and in order to complete this octet, they have a strong tendency to combine among themselves to acquire the stable electronic configuration of the nearest noble gas.

Why do atoms combine to form molecules Class 9?

Atoms combine to form a molecule in order to achieve a stable configuration like those of the noble gases.

What are the main point of mot?

The features of MOT are: Two atoms come together, interact and forms a bond. The molecular orbitals are formed by mixing of the atomic orbitals of same energy level and symmetry. After formation of molecular orbital, the atomic orbitals lose their identity.

What is mot in chemistry class 11?

In simple terms, the molecular orbital theory states that each atom tends to combine together and form molecular orbitals. As a result of such arrangement, electrons are found in various atomic orbitals and they are usually associated with different nuclei.

Why are only certain combinations possible?

Answer: In all other cases there are always combinations with other atoms possible that lower the total energy for that particular combination of atoms, because their electrons receive a lower energy. If that can be done with (polar) covalent bonding, you can get a molecule with just a few atoms.

Why do atoms combine class 11?

How are electrons filled in MOT?

Electrons fill molecular orbitals following the same rules that apply to filling atomic orbitals; Hund’s rule and the Aufbau principle tell us that lower-energy orbitals will fill first, electrons will spread out before they pair up, and each orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins.