What are general transcription factors and how do they function?
What are general transcription factors and how do they function?
General transcription factors (GTFs), also known as basal transcriptional factors, are a class of protein transcription factors that bind to specific sites (promoter) on DNA to activate transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA.
What are the types of transcription factors?
There are two mechanistic classes of transcription factors:
- General transcription factors are involved in the formation of a preinitiation complex.
- Upstream transcription factors are proteins that bind somewhere upstream of the initiation site to stimulate or repress transcription.
What are transcription factors How do they affect transcription?
Transcription factors are proteins that help turn specific genes “on” or “off” by binding to nearby DNA. Transcription factors that are activators boost a gene’s transcription. Repressors decrease transcription.
What is the function of the protein called ubiquitin?
Normal Function Ubiquitin serves as a signal to move unneeded proteins into specialized cell structures known as proteasomes, where the proteins are degraded. The ubiquitin-proteasome system acts as the cell’s quality control system by disposing of damaged, misshapen, and excess proteins.
Which of the following is an example of a transcription factor?
Mechanistic
| Examples of specific transcription factors | ||
|---|---|---|
| Factor | Structural type | Recognition sequence |
| SP1 | Zinc finger | 5′-GGGCGG-3′ |
| AP-1 | Basic zipper | 5′-TGA(G/C)TCA-3′ |
| C/EBP | Basic zipper | 5′-ATTGCGCAAT-3′ |
What is the function of basal transcription factors?
Basal, or general, transcription factors are necessary for RNA polymerase to function at a site of transcription in eukaryotes. They are considered the most basic set of proteins needed to activate gene transcription, and they include a number of proteins, such as TFIIA (transcription factor…
What is the function of the protein parkin?
Normal Function Parkin plays a role in the cell machinery that breaks down (degrades) unneeded proteins by tagging damaged and excess proteins with molecules called ubiquitin. Ubiquitin serves as a signal to move unneeded proteins into specialized cell structures known as proteasomes, where the proteins are degraded.